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You probably have been hearing phrases like "climate crisis," "climate emergency" or "climate justice" more often lately as people try to get across the urgent risks and consequences of climate change. The , but is using this language actually persuasive?

It turns out that Americans are more familiar with鈥攁nd more concerned about鈥攃limate change and global warming than they are about the climate crisis, climate emergency or climate justice, according to a with a nationally representative sample of 5,137 Americans.

Moreover, we found no evidence that the alternative terms increased people's sense of urgency, willingness to support climate-friendly policies or willingness to act.

The familiar terms鈥攃limate change and global warming鈥攄id at least as well, and sometimes better, than climate crisis and climate emergency in eliciting concern, perceived urgency and willingness to act. Climate justice consistently tended to do worse, likely in part because it was the least familiar. The responses were similar among Republicans, Democrats and independents.

Just keep it simple

In our work as , we have explored how Americans respond to the ways climate change is communicated and have uncovered a need to use straightforward language.

For example, people we interviewed for a study published in 2021 felt that climate experts were with terms like "adaptation," "mitigation," "sustainability" and "carbon-dioxide removal." They wanted experts to use more familiar terms instead.

This inspired us to write a quick guide to climate jargon, published in The Conversation. Using everyday language makes information easier to understand, and even highly educated people tend to prefer it.

Yet, experts often use complex jargon because it is familiar to them, and they may not realize it is unfamiliar to others.

How the terms evolved

It has become common to talk about climate change and global warming as if they have the same meaning, but . Climate change refers to changes in the overall climate, while global warming refers specifically to rising temperatures.

A found that, in the past, people were less likely to associate the term climate change with the idea that humans are actively warming the planet than they were with the term global warming. Perhaps this is why while the popularization of the term climate change has been , administration.

also found that Democrats used to think of global warming as being more serious than climate change, while Republicans thought of climate change as more serious than global warming. But , these partisan differences have now faded, and a majority of Republicans and Democrats tend to express concern about both terms.

Alternative terms such as climate crisis, climate emergency and climate justice have been used to emphasize other aspects of climate change and to try to raise concern. In 2019, the British newspaper switched to using climate crisis and climate emergency because it wanted to convey urgency.

Activists use the term climate justice to draw attention to climate change as a human rights challenge: Low-income people around the world suffer the most from the effects of climate change, despite being the least responsible for causing it.

The takeaway: Avoid overheated language

Right now, the terms climate crisis, climate emergency or climate justice are less familiar and elicit less concern than climate change or global warming.

Even if these terms become more commonplace, there is no guarantee that they will heighten concern or inspire action. In fact, studies have suggested that phrases like climate crisis if they don't resonate with people.

Our advice: Don't make the mistake of using overheated language. Just stick with familiar terms that people understand鈥攗se global warming when referring to rising temperatures and climate change for overall changes in the climate.

This article is republished from under a Creative Commons license. Read the .