麻豆淫院

A team of researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, has found that 2-methylphenanthroline can be used with iridium to accelerate catalytic borylation reactions. In their paper published in the journal Science, the group describes their new approach and the ways it might prove useful.

Catalytic borylation is a type of reaction that can be used to target stronger saturated carbon鈥揾ydrogen (C鈥揌) bonds over weaker bonds. Unfortunately, to date, those attempting to use such reactions have found them to be slow and to use too much of the hydrocarbon. In this new effort, the researchers have addressed and overcome both issues.

As the researchers note, with C鈥揌 functionalization reactions, the reagent that is used typically attacks the weakest carbon bond (the one with the most electrons). The new reaction developed by the team at UoC overcomes such limitations and targets the primary bonds over those that are secondary. It does so by using 2-methylphenanthroline with iridium鈥攁n approach that has been found to speed up reaction times by approximately 50 to 80 percent. The faster reaction time meant that the team could use less substrate. The researchers note that the selectivity in targeting the primary bond was particularly noticeable with dehydroabietic acid. They also noted that when primary C鈥揌 bonds are either blocked or absent, secondary C鈥揌 bonds are targeted.

The fact that their reaction is a borylation should make it particularly useful to chemists, the researchers believe, because boron is one of the more versatile functional groups. Their new approach will allow for taking unreactive alkyl groups through a synthesis process where they can be converted into carbon-boron bonds鈥攚hich, they note, should be quite useful because afterward, the C鈥揃 can be transformed into a wide variety of functional groups.

One possible problem with the reaction could be choosing the right solvent鈥攊t will need to be one that does not itself undergo a reaction. The researchers used cyclooctane, but acknowledge that a more polar solvent needs to be developed for more general use. They also note that they next plan to look into understanding why the reaction targets the toughest bonds.

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