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A carnivorous 'bone collector' caterpillar dresses in the remains of its prey

A carnivorous 'bone collector' caterpillar dresses in the remains of its prey
This photo provided by Daniel Rubinoff in April 2025 shows a new species of carnivorous caterpillar, left, which uses a protective case made with insect parts, near a spider in Oahu, Hawaii. Credit: Courtesy Daniel Rubinoff via AP

A new carnivorous caterpillar that wears the remains of its prey has been dubbed the "bone collector."

The odd insect is only found on the Hawaiian island of Oahu. It creeps along spiderwebs, feeding on trapped insects and decorating its silk case with their body parts.

There are other meat-eating caterpillars that "do lots of crazy things, but this takes the cake," said study author Dan Rubinoff with the University of Hawaii at Manoa.

Scientists think the case might act as camouflage, allowing the caterpillar to feast on the spider's ensnared meals without getting caught.

A host of caterpillars native to Hawaii use silk glands to spin protective cases studded with lichen, sand and other materials. This one is the first to use ant heads and fly wings.

"It really is an astonishing type of case," said Steven Montgomery, an entomology consultant in Hawaii who was not involved with the new study.

Findings Thursday in the journal Science. Scientists found just 62 of the carnivorous caterpillars in over 20 years of observing.

Predatory caterpillars are extremely rare and the bone collectors found in Hawaii will even eat each other, researchers said.

A carnivorous 'bone collector' caterpillar dresses in the remains of its prey
This image provided by Daniel Rubinoff in April 2025 shows protective cases made with insect parts that are created by a new species of carnivorous caterpillar. Credit: Courtesy Daniel Rubinoff via AP

The collector's origins date back at least 6 million years, making the caterpillars more ancient than the Hawaiian islands themselves. Today, they dwell on an isolated patch of mountain forest alongside .

"There is really a concern that we need to do better with conservation," said Rubinoff.

More information: Daniel Rubinoff et al, Hawaiian caterpillar patrols spiderwebs camouflaged in insect prey's body parts, Science (2025).

Journal information: Science

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